Sorting Constructed Languages Into the Proto-European Language Tree
High Valyrian
Source: https://www.reddit.com/r/gameofthrones/comments/w8lh5c/no_spoilers_why_does_the_dragon_in_the_targaryen/
A Targaryan language used by nobles exclusively as a sign of class and wealth.
Because of this, it is likely a fossilized ancestor of Low Valyrian
Cases:
Nominative, Accusative, Dative, Genitive, Instrumental, Vocative, Locative, Comitative
Nominative: naming subjects
- zokla: wolf
- vala: man
- brōzi: name
Accusative: Direct object (receiver of action)
- zokle: wolf
Dative: indicate the recipient or beneficiary of an action
- valot: to the man
Genetive: possessive, ownership
- valo: man's
- brōzio: of the name
Instrumental: indicates that a noun is the instrument with (or means by) which the subject achieves or accomplishes an action
- brōzȳsi: with the name
Vocative: used for a noun that identifies a person
- Valis!: Men!
- Zaldrīzesses!: Dragons!
Locative: indicates motion to a location
- Valā: on the man
Comitative: grammatical case that denotes accompaniment
- valoma: with the man
This case system is similar to that of Russian. The Russian language has six cases: nominative, accusative, dative, genitive, instrumental, and prepositional (which is a case used in conjunction with prepositions). Because of this similarity, High Valyrian is placed on the Slavic branch of Balto-Slavic.
Basic Word Order:
Subject Verb Object
Adjective Noun
Interesting facts:
“Dracarys” is the word for fire, which is related to the Latin “draco”, which means dragon. Although this was one of the first established High Valyrian words, the language itself is not related to or derived from Latin. The language of High Valyrian was developed more fully for television than it ever was in the “Song of Ice and Fire” book series. The word “dracarys” is a Latin outlier in the High Valyrian language.
Much how English borrows vocabulary from French and Latin, but is a Germanic language and not a Romance language.
Influence of Dothraki on High Valyrian Vocabulary:
Both Valyrian
and Dothraki use the Dothraki word for a curved sword: arakh, as this is a Dothraki war weapon developed
and used by them.
High Valyrian
Cases:
Nominative, Accusative, Dative, Genitive, Instrumental, Vocative, Locative, Comitative
Nominative: naming subjects
- zokla: wolf
- vala: man
- brōzi: name
Accusative: Direct object (receiver of action)
- zokle: wolf
Dative: indicate the recipient or beneficiary of an action
- valot: to the man
Genetive: possessive, ownership
- valo: man's
- brōzio: of the name
Instrumental: indicates that a noun is the instrument with (or means by) which the subject achieves or accomplishes an action
- brōzȳsi: with the name
Vocative: used for a noun that identifies a person
- Valis!: Men!
- Zaldrīzesses!: Dragons!
Locative: indicates motion to a location
- Valā: on the man
Comitative: grammatical case that denotes accompaniment
- valoma: with the man
This case system is similar to that of Russian. The Russian language has six cases: nominative, accusative, dative, genitive, instrumental, and prepositional (which is a case used in conjunction with prepositions). Because of this similarity, High Valyrian is placed on the Slavic branch of Balto-Slavic.
Basic Word Order:
Subject Verb Object
Adjective Noun
Interesting facts:
“Dracarys” is the word for fire, which is related to the Latin “draco”, which means dragon. Although this was one of the first established High Valyrian words, the language itself is not related to or derived from Latin. The language of High Valyrian was developed more fully for television than it ever was in the “Song of Ice and Fire” book series. The word “dracarys” is a Latin outlier in the High Valyrian language. Much how English borrows vocabulary from French and Latin, but is a Germanic language and not a Romance language.
Influence of Dothraki on High Valyrian Vocabulary:
Both Valyrian and Dothraki use the Dothraki word for a curved sword: arakh, as this is a Dothraki war weapon developed and used by them.